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至於法友解讀建議修改的句子,不好意思,就個人對英文的理解,法友的翻譯似乎亦有問題?例,
「 by means of badly acquired discourses whose phrasing is a semblance [of the correct phrasing] 不恰當地執取用詞用字有差異的經文」
此英文片語中,並沒有「執取」之意。或者,法友將acquired解為「執取」?
若就菩提比丘之英譯4.160經,四種令正法衰微、滅失的事,之第一(與此經較相關)為:
(1) "Here,the bhikkhus learn discourses that have been badly acquired,with badly set down words and phrases.843 When the words and phrases are badly set down,the meaning is badly interpreted.
若就英文的句子(第一句),可能至少有二解:
a."that have been badly acquired,with badly set down words and phrases" 皆修飾discourse,亦即,這種discourse是"have been badly acquired"與"with badly set down words and phrases."
若是此解,此第一句應是比丘[從沒好好學、或得到錯誤法之說法、傳法者那兒],學到字句編排錯誤之說法。[接著,該比丘又重複前人錯誤,繼續宣說錯誤的法。]可以作此解釋是考慮到時態之差異。
而此「沒好好學、或得到錯誤法之說法、傳法者],如yifer法友補充之《增支部3.30經》中的「覆慧者」或「膝慧者」,或是4.160經提到的第三、四種令正法衰微、消失的事:
(3)"Again,those bhikkhus who are learned,heirs to the heritage,experts on the Dhamma, experts on the discipline,experts on the outlines,do not respectfully teach the discourses to others.When they have passed away,the discourses are cut off at the root,left without anyone to preserve them.
(4)"Again,the elder bhikkhus are luxurious [148] and lax,leaders in backsliding, discarding the duty of solitude;they do not arouse energy for the attainment of the as-yet-unattained,for the achievement of the as-yet-unachieved,for the realization
of the as-yet-unrealized.[Those in] the n ext generation follow their example......[此點與增支部2.5.3經是同樣的字句]
b. "with badly set down words and phrases"是指此句的比丘,學到錯誤的法後,[他個人在]宣說法時,又用錯誤的字句。[以訛傳訛,接著又被傳誦。]
兩者差異在於,前者是比丘學到錯誤的法;後者則是比丘學到錯誤的法後,又以訛傳訛。
另,法友個人之翻譯前後略有差異,亦提供了不同解讀。
法友在此篇文之翻譯(不恰當地執取用詞用字有差異的經文),偏向是,除了得到的說法有誤外,比丘個人的問題,或,一般凡夫俗子都會有的,「執取」問題。
法友會作此解,可能基於4.160經提到的第二種令正法衰微、消失的事:
(提供菩提比丘之英譯參考:)
(2)"Again, the bhikkhus are difficult to correct and possess qualities that make them difficult to correct.They are impatient and do not accept instruction respectfully.
而在法友提供之個人部落格翻譯:
1)諸比丘!此處,眾比丘不善學習經典,將音節、字句錯置。諸比丘!當音節、字句被錯置時,就會錯誤地詮釋經典的原義。(http://yifertw.blogspot.tw/2013/01/4160.html)
此翻譯則是:比丘個人在學法過程中的錯誤(造成流傳後世的法錯誤)。
法友會作此解,可能都是基於4.160經提到的第四種令正法衰微、消失的事(此英譯已提供如上)?不是很確定 ...(而這可能是一般人在學法過程可能會犯的錯?抄錯、或理解有誤,而後錯傳?)
以上只是個人理解,提供參考。相信站上有懂巴利、英文、與中文高手,可能能夠提供說明。有誤之處,亦請法友們不吝指正。感恩。
祝 福慧增長,得淨法眼!
Yishou 2017/03/12 - 16:08