犍陀羅語原典線上資源

圖片為版主所加，這是一處犍陀羅文獻發現時的收存陶罐。

「犍陀羅語 Gāndhārī」是一種西北地區「中古印度-雅利安語 MIA language」，和梵語及巴利密切的關聯，證實為西元前三世紀到西元五世紀的語言。此一語言是初期佛教文獻的最重要載體之一，也是西元二世紀佛教傳播到漢地的主要語言工具。從存世的數百個犍陀羅硬幣銘文、近千份世俗文件和一些「非佛教經典」來看，「犍陀羅語 Gāndhārī」也曾是一種重要的「官話 administrative language」。在歷史沿革過程，犍陀羅語 和「犍陀羅語文獻」從發源地「白沙瓦河谷Peshawar valley」遠播南到「秣菟羅 Mathura」、西到「巴米揚 Bamiyan」、東到「洛陽」、北到「庫車 Kucha」。在最近這二十年中，發現了數量龐大的寫本與刻銘文字，進一步豐富了我們對犍陀羅語的認知。「Gandhari.org」網站為從事犍陀羅語言文獻研究者提供(數位)資源，包括邦姆士(Stefan Baums)和葛拉斯(Andrew Glass)提供的三份參考資料：《犍陀羅語字典》、《犍陀羅語言文獻研究參考書目》和《犍陀羅語文獻目錄》，以及他們廣泛收藏的犍陀羅語原典。
(https://www.gandhari.org)

Gāndhārī is a northwestern Middle Indo‐Aryan language closely related to Sanskrit and Pali, attested in use from the third century BCE to the fifth century CE. It served as one of the most important vehicles for early Buddhist literature and was instrumental in the spread of Buddhism to China in the second century CE. Gāndhārī was also an important administrative language, attested in hundreds of coin legends and close to a thousand secular documents, and some examples of non‐Buddhist literary texts in Gāndhārī have likewise been found. In the course of their history, Gāndhārī language and literature spread from their homeland in the Peshawar valley as far as Mathura in the south, Bamiyan in the west, Luoyang in the east and Kucha in the north. Over the last twenty years, the discovery of large numbers of new manuscript and epigraphical sources have greatly enriched our knowledge of Gāndhārī. Gandhari.org provides resources for those engaged in the study of Gāndhārī, including three reference works edited by Stefan Baums and Andrew Glass (A Dictionary of Gāndhārī, the Bibliography of Gāndhārī Studies and the Catalog of Gāndhārī Texts) and their comprehensive collection of source texts.
https://www.gandhari.org