2025年5月1日 星期四

梵文《長阿含16經》、漢譯《長阿含18經》與巴利《長部28經》: Sampasādanīya-sutta 《自歡喜經》的內攝頌 uddāna 3/5


世尊問舍利弗,既然不知道過去與未來諸佛的智慧和體證,為何能宣稱現在世的釋迦牟尼比過去與未來諸佛和當代的沙門婆羅門殊勝?接下來,舍利弗列舉世尊教導、開示的教法,認為無人能及。這些「法要」在梵文《長阿含16經》Prasādanīya-sūtra《自歡喜經》結集成「內攝頌 uddāna」, 為:
saṃbodhikuśalāyatanaṃ pudgalā bhāṣyadarśanam
pratiprahāṇam ṛddhiś ca nivāsādeśanena ca •
śāśvatam cānuśāstiś ca ga(rbhā)vakrānti pudgalā
(puruṣaśīlaviśuddhim ādhicai)[299v2]tasikena ca •
論文作者 DiSimone 幫我們剖析如下:
1. saṃbodhi (DĀ 16.1 and DĀ 16.2 esp. but in every section) — Perfect awakening
2. kuśala-dharma-prajñapti (DĀ 16.3) — The classification of wholesome factors
3. āyatana-prajñapti (DĀ 16.4) — The classification of the sense spheres
4. pudgala-prajñapti (DĀ 16.5) — The classification of individuals
5. bhāṣya-samudācāratā (DĀ 16.6) — Conduct in speech
6. darśana-samāpatti (DĀ 16.7) — Attainments of discernment
7. pratipad (DĀ 16.8) –Practice
8. prahāṇa (DĀ 16.9) — Effort
9. ṛddhi-viṣaya-jñāna (DĀ 16.10) — Knowledge of the range of supernormal power
10. pūrva-nivāsānusmṛti-jñāna (DĀ 16.11) — Knowledge of the recollection of former states of existence
11. ādeśanā-vidhi — (DĀ 16.12) — The method of reading minds
12. śāśvata-vāditā (DĀ 16.13) — The doctrines of eternalism
13. anuśāsana-vidhi (DĀ 16.14) — The method of instruction
14. garbhāvakrānti (DĀ 16.15) — Descent into the womb
15. pudgala-vimukti-jñāna (DĀ 16.16) — Knowledge of the liberation of persons
16. puruṣa-śīla-viśuddhi-jñāna (DĀ 16.17) — Knowledge of the purity of the moral conduct of persons
17. ādhicaitasika (DĀ 16.18) — Higher mental states
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